The Passenger

www.the-passenger.net

28/01/10

A Perfect Day for Bananafish

J. D. Salinger
The New Yorker, January 31, 1948, pages 21-25

THERE WERE ninety-seven New York advertising men in the hotel, and, the way they were monopolizing the long-distance lines, the girl in 507 had to wait from noon till almost two-thirty to get her call through. She used the time, though. She read an article in a women's pocket-size magazine, called "Sex Is Fun-or Hell." She washed her comb and brush. She took the spot out of the skirt of her beige suit. She moved the button on her Saks blouse. She tweezed out two freshly surfaced hairs in her mole. When the operator finally rang her room, she was sitting on the window seat and had almost finished putting lacquer on the nails of her left hand.

She was a girl who for a ringing phone dropped exactly nothing. She looked as if her phone had been ringing continually ever since she had reached puberty.

With her little lacquer brush, while the phone was ringing, she went over the nail of her little finger, accentuating the line of the moon. She then replaced the cap on the bottle of lacquer and, standing up, passed her left--the wet--hand back and forth through the air. With her dry hand, she picked up a congested ashtray from the window seat and carried it with her over to the night table, on which the phone stood. She sat down on one of the made-up twin beds and--it was the fifth or sixth ring--picked up the phone.

"Hello," she said, keeping the fingers of her left hand outstretched and away from her white silk dressing gown, which was all that she was wearing, except mules--her rings were in the bathroom.

"I have your call to New York now, Mrs. Glass," the operator said.

"Thank you," said the girl, and made room on the night table for the ashtray.

A woman's voice came through. "Muriel? Is that you?"

The girl turned the receiver slightly away from her ear. "Yes, Mother. How are you?" she said.

"I've been worried to death about you. Why haven't you phoned? Are you all right?"

"I tried to get you last night and the night before. The phone here's been--"

"Are you all right, Muriel?"

The girl increased the angle between the receiver and her ear. "I'm fine. I'm hot. This is the hottest day they've had in Florida in--"

"Why haven't you called me? I've been worried to--"

"Mother, darling, don't yell at me. I can hear you beautifully," said the girl. "I called you twice last night. Once just after--"

"I told your father you'd probably call last night. But, no, he had to-Are you all right, Muriel? Tell me the truth."

"I'm fine. Stop asking me that, please."

"When did you get there?"

"I don't know. Wednesday morning, early."

"Who drove?"

"He did," said the girl. "And don't get excited. He drove very nicely. I was amazed."

"He drove? Muriel, you gave me your word of--"

"Mother," the girl interrupted, "I just told you. He drove very nicely. Under fifty the whole way, as a matter of fact."

"Did he try any of that funny business with the trees?"

"I said he drove very nicely, Mother. Now, please. I asked him to stay close to the white line, and all, and he knew what I meant, and he did. He was even trying not to look at the trees-you could tell. Did Daddy get the car fixed, incidentally?"

"Not yet. They want four hundred dollars, just to--"

"Mother, Seymour told Daddy that he'd pay for it. There's no reason for--"

"Well, we'll see. How did he behave--in the car and all?"

"All right," said the girl.

"Did he keep calling you that awful--"

"No. He has something new now."

"What?"

"Oh, what's the difference, Mother?"

"Muriel, I want to know. Your father--"

"All right, all right. He calls me Miss Spiritual Tramp of 1948," the girl said, and giggled.

"It isn't funny, Muriel. It isn't funny at all. It's horrible. It's sad, actually. When I think how--"

"Mother," the girl interrupted, "listen to me. You remember that book he sent me from Germany? You know--those German poems. What'd I do with it? I've been racking my--"

"You have it."

"Are you sure?" said the girl.

"Certainly. That is, I have it. It's in Freddy's room. You left it here and I didn't have room for it in the--Why? Does he want it?"

"No. Only, he asked me about it, when we were driving down. He wanted to know if I'd read it."

"It was in German!"

"Yes, dear. That doesn't make any difference," said the girl, crossing her legs. "He said that the poems happen to be written by the only great poet of the century. He said I should've bought a translation or something. Or learned the language, if you please."

"Awful. Awful. It's sad, actually, is what it is. Your father said last night--"

"Just a second, Mother," the girl said. She went over to the window seat for her cigarettes, lit one, and returned to her seat on the bed. "Mother?" she said, exhaling smoke.

"Muriel. Now, listen to me."

"I'm listening."

"Your father talked to Dr. Sivetski."

"Oh?" said the girl.

"He told him everything. At least, he said he did--you know your father. The trees. That business with the window. Those horrible things he said to Granny about her plans for passing away. What he did with all those lovely pictures from Bermuda--everything."

"Well?" said the girl.

"Well. In the first place, he said it was a perfect crime the Army released him from the hospital--my word of honor. He very definitely told your father there's a chance--a very great chance, he said--that Seymour may completely lose control of himself. My word of honor."

"There's a psychiatrist here at the hotel," said the girl.

"Who? What's his name?"

"I don't know. Rieser or something. He's supposed to be very good."

"Never heard of him."

"Well, he's supposed to be very good, anyway."

"Muriel, don't be fresh, please. We're very worried about you. Your father wanted to wire you last night to come home, as a matter of f--"

"I'm not coming home right now, Mother. So relax."

"Muriel. My word of honor. Dr. Sivetski said Seymour may completely lose contr--"

"I just got here, Mother. This is the first vacation I've had in years, and I'm not going to just pack everything and come home," said the girl. "I couldn't travel now anyway. I'm so sunburned I can hardly move."

"You're badly sunburned? Didn't you use that jar of Bronze I put in your bag? I put it right--"

"I used it. I'm burned anyway."

"That's terrible. Where are you burned?"

"All over, dear, all over."

"That's terrible."

"I'll live."

"Tell me, did you talk to this psychiatrist?"

"Well, sort of," said the girl.

"What'd he say? Where was Seymour when you talked to him?"

"In the Ocean Room, playing the piano. He's played the piano both nights we've been here."

"Well, what'd he say?"

"Oh, nothing much. He spoke to me first. I was sitting next to him at Bingo last night, and he asked me if that wasn't my husband playing the piano in the other room. I said yes, it was, and he asked me if Seymour's been sick or something. So I said--"

"Why'd he ask that?"

"I don't know, Mother. I guess because he's so pale and all," said the girl. "Anyway, after Bingo he and his wife asked me if I wouldn't like to join them for a drink. So I did. His wife was horrible. You remember that awful dinner dress we saw in Bonwit's window? The one you said you'd have to have a tiny, tiny--"

"The green?"

"She had it on. And all hips. She kept asking me if Seymour's related to that Suzanne Glass that has that place on Madison Avenue--the millinery."

"What'd he say, though? The doctor."

"Oh. Well, nothing much, really. I mean we were in the bar and all. It was terribly noisy."

"Yes, but did--did you tell him what he tried to do with Granny's chair?"

"No, Mother. I didn't go into details very much," said the girl. "I'll probably get a chance to talk to him again. He's in the bar all day long."

"Did he say he thought there was a chance he might get--you know--funny or anything? Do something to you!"

"Not exactly," said the girl. "He had to have more facts, Mother. They have to know about your childhood--all that stuff. I told you, we could hardly talk, it was so noisy in there."

"Well. How's your blue coat?"

"All right. I had some of the padding taken out."

"How are the clothes this year?"

"Terrible. But out of this world. You see sequins--everything," said the girl.

"How's your room?"

"All right. Just all right, though. We couldn't get the room we had before the war," said the girl. "The people are awful this year. You should see what sits next to us in the dining room. At the next table. They look as if they drove down in a truck."

"Well, it's that way all over. How's your ballerina?"

"It's too long. I told you it was too long."

"Muriel, I'm only going to ask you once more--are you really all right?"

"Yes, Mother," said the girl. "For the ninetieth time."

"And you don't want to come home?"

"No, Mother."

"Your father said last night that he'd be more than willing to pay for it if you'd go away someplace by yourself and think things over. You could take a lovely cruise. We both thought--"

"No, thanks," said the girl, and uncrossed her legs. "Mother, this call is costing a for--"

"When I think of how you waited for that boy all through the war-I mean when you think of all those crazy little wives who--"

"Mother," said the girl, "we'd better hang up. Seymour may come in any minute."

"Where is he?"

"On the beach."

"On the beach? By himself? Does he behave himself on the beach?"

"Mother," said the girl, "you talk about him as though he were a raving maniac--"

"I said nothing of the kind, Muriel."

"Well, you sound that way. I mean all he does is lie there. He won't take his bathrobe off."

"He won't take his bathrobe off? Why not?"

"I don't know. I guess because he's so pale."

"My goodness, he needs the sun. Can't you make him?

"You know Seymour," said the girl, and crossed her legs again. "He says he doesn't want a lot of fools looking at his tattoo."

"He doesn't have any tattoo! Did he get one in the Army?"

"No, Mother. No, dear," said the girl, and stood up. "Listen, I'll call you tomorrow, maybe."

"Muriel. Now, listen to me."

"Yes, Mother," said the girl, putting her weight on her right leg.

"Call me the instant he does, or says, anything at all funny--you know what I mean. Do you hear me?"

"Mother, I'm not afraid of Seymour."

"Muriel, I want you to promise me."

"All right, I promise. Goodbye, Mother," said the girl. "My love to Daddy." She hung up.

"See more glass," said Sybil Carpenter, who was staying at the hotel with her mother. "Did you see more glass?"

"Pussycat, stop saying that. It's driving Mommy absolutely crazy. Hold still, please."

Mrs. Carpenter was putting sun-tan oil on Sybil's shoulders, spreading it down over the delicate, winglike blades of her back. Sybil was sitting insecurely on a huge, inflated beach ball, facing the ocean. She was wearing a canary-yellow two-piece bathing suit, one piece of which she would not actually be needing for another nine or ten years.

"It was really just an ordinary silk handkerchief--you could see when you got up close," said the woman in the beach chair beside Mrs. Carpenter's. "I wish I knew how she tied it. It was really darling."

"It sounds darling," Mrs. Carpenter agreed. "Sybil, hold still, pussy."

"Did you see more glass?" said Sybil.

Mrs. Carpenter sighed. "All right," she said. She replaced the cap on the sun-tan oil bottle. "Now run and play, pussy. Mommy's going up to the hotel and have a Martini with Mrs. Hubbel. I'll bring you the olive."

Set loose, Sybil immediately ran down to the flat part of the beach and began to walk in the direction of Fisherman's Pavilion. Stopping only to sink a foot in a soggy, collapsed castle, she was soon out of the area reserved for guests of the hotel.

She walked for about a quarter of a mile and then suddenly broke into an oblique run up the soft part of the beach. She stopped short when she reached the place where a young man was lying on his back.

"Are you going in the water, see more glass?" she said.

The young man started, his right hand going to the lapels of his terry-cloth robe. He turned over on his stomach, letting a sausaged towel fall away from his eyes, and squinted up at Sybil.

"Hey. Hello, Sybil."

"Are you going in the water?"

"I was waiting for you," said the young man. "What's new?"

"What?" said Sybil.

"What's new? What's on the program?"

"My daddy's coming tomorrow on a nairiplane," Sybil said, kicking sand.

"Not in my face, baby," the young man said, putting his hand on Sybil's ankle. "Well, it's about time he got here, your daddy. I've been expecting him hourly. Hourly."

"Where's the lady?" Sybil said.

"The lady?" the young man brushed some sand out of his thin hair. "That's hard to say, Sybil. She may be in any one of a thousand places. At the hairdresser's. Having her hair dyed mink. Or making dolls for poor children, in her room." Lying prone now, he made two fists, set one on top of the other, and rested his chin on the top one. "Ask me something else, Sybil," he said. "That's a fine bathing suit you have on. If there's one thing I like, it's a blue bathing suit."

Sybil stared at him, then looked down at her protruding stomach. "This is a yellow," she said. "This is a yellow."

"It is? Come a little closer." Sybil took a step forward. "You're absolutely right. What a fool I am."

"Are you going in the water?" Sybil said.

"I'm seriously considering it. I'm giving it plenty of thought, Sybil, you'll be glad to know."

Sybil prodded the rubber float that the young man sometimes used as a head-rest. "It needs air," she said.

"You're right. It needs more air than I'm willing to admit." He took away his fists and let his chin rest on the sand. "Sybil," he said, "you're looking fine. It's good to see you. Tell me about yourself." He reached in front of him and took both of Sybil's ankles in his hands. "I'm Capricorn," he said. "What are you?"

"Sharon Lipschutz said you let her sit on the piano seat with you," Sybil said.

"Sharon Lipschutz said that?"

Sybil nodded vigorously.

He let go of her ankles, drew in his hands, and laid the side of his face on his right forearm. "Well," he said, "you know how those things happen, Sybil. I was sitting there, playing. And you were nowhere in sight. And Sharon Lipschutz came over and sat down next to me. I couldn't push her off, could I?"

"Yes."

"Oh, no. No. I couldn't do that," said the young man. "I'll tell you what I did do, though."

"What?"

"I pretended she was you."

Sybil immediately stooped and began to dig in the sand. "Let's go in the water," she said.

"All right," said the young man. "I think I can work it in."

"Next time, push her off," Sybil said. "Push who off?"

"Sharon Lipschutz."

"Ah, Sharon Lipschutz," said the young man. "How that name comes up. Mixing memory and desire." He suddenly got to his feet. He looked at the ocean. "Sybil," he said, "I'll tell you what we'll do. We'll see if we can catch a bananafish."

"A what?"

"A bananafish," he said, and undid the belt of his robe. He took off the robe. His shoulders were white and narrow, and his trunks were royal blue. He folded the robe, first lengthwise, then in thirds. He unrolled the towel he had used over his eyes, spread it out on the sand, and then laid the folded robe on top of it. He bent over, picked up the float, and secured it under his right arm. Then, with his left hand, he took Sybil's hand.

The two started to walk down to the ocean.

"I imagine you've seen quite a few bananafish in your day," the young man said.

Sybil shook her head.

"You haven't? Where do you live, anyway?"

"I don't know," said Sybil.

"Sure you know. You must know. Sharon Lipschutz knows where she lives and she's only three and a half."

Sybil stopped walking and yanked her hand away from him. She picked up an ordinary beach shell and looked at it with elaborate interest. She threw it down. "Whirly Wood, Connecticut," she said, and resumed walking, stomach foremost.

"Whirly Wood, Connecticut," said the young man. "Is that anywhere near Whirly Wood, Connecticut, by any chance?"

Sybil looked at him. "That's where I live," she said impatiently. "I live in Whirly Wood, Connecticut." She ran a few steps ahead of him, caught up her left foot in her left hand, and hopped two or three times.

"You have no idea how clear that makes everything," the young man said.

Sybil released her foot. "Did you read `Little Black Sambo'?" she said.

"It's very funny you ask me that," he said. "It so happens I just finished reading it last night." He reached down and took back Sybil's hand. "What did you think of it?" he asked her.

"Did the tigers run all around that tree?"

"I thought they'd never stop. I never saw so many tigers."

"There were only six," Sybil said.

"Only six!" said the young man. "Do you call that only?"

"Do you like wax?" Sybil asked.

"Do I like what?" asked the young man. "Wax."

"Very much. Don't you?"

Sybil nodded. "Do you like olives?" she asked.

"Olives--yes. Olives and wax. I never go anyplace without 'em."

"Do you like Sharon Lipschutz?" Sybil asked.

"Yes. Yes, I do," said the young man. "What I like particularly about her is that she never does anything mean to little dogs in the lobby of the hotel. That little toy bull that belongs to that lady from Canada, for instance. You probably won't believe this, but some little girls like to poke that little dog with balloon sticks. Sharon doesn't. She's never mean or unkind. That's why I like her so much."

Sybil was silent.

"I like to chew candles," she said finally.

"Who doesn't?" said the young man, getting his feet wet. "Wow! It's cold." He dropped the rubber float on its back. "No, wait just a second, Sybil. Wait'll we get out a little bit."

They waded out till the water was up to Sybil's waist. Then the young man picked her up and laid her down on her stomach on the float.

"Don't you ever wear a bathing cap or anything?" he asked.

"Don't let go," Sybil ordered. "You hold me, now."

"Miss Carpenter. Please. I know my business," the young man said. "You just keep your eyes open for any bananafish. This is a perfect day for bananafish."

"I don't see any," Sybil said.

"That's understandable. Their habits are very peculiar." He kept pushing the float. The water was not quite up to his chest. "They lead a very tragic life," he said. "You know what they do, Sybil?"

She shook her head.

"Well, they swim into a hole where there's a lot of bananas. They're very ordinary-looking fish when they swim in. But once they get in, they behave like pigs. Why, I've known some bananafish to swim into a banana hole and eat as many as seventy-eight bananas." He edged the float and its passenger a foot closer to the horizon. "Naturally, after that they're so fat they can't get out of the hole again. Can't fit through the door."

"Not too far out," Sybil said. "What happens to them?"

"What happens to who?"

"The bananafish."

"Oh, you mean after they eat so many bananas they can't get out of the banana hole?"

"Yes," said Sybil.

"Well, I hate to tell you, Sybil. They die."

"Why?" asked Sybil.

"Well, they get banana fever. It's a terrible disease."

"Here comes a wave," Sybil said nervously.

"We'll ignore it. We'll snub it," said the young man. "Two snobs." He took Sybil's ankles in his hands and pressed down and forward. The float nosed over the top of the wave. The water soaked Sybil's blond hair, but her scream was full of pleasure.

With her hand, when the float was level again, she wiped away a flat, wet band of hair from her eyes, and reported, "I just saw one."

"Saw what, my love?"

"A bananafish."

"My God, no!" said the young man. "Did he have any bananas in his mouth?"

"Yes," said Sybil. "Six."

The young man suddenly picked up one of Sybil's wet feet, which were drooping over the end of the float, and kissed the arch.

"Hey!" said the owner of the foot, turning around.

"Hey, yourself We're going in now. You had enough?"

"No!"

"Sorry," he said, and pushed the float toward shore until Sybil got off it. He carried it the rest of the way.

"Goodbye," said Sybil, and ran without regret in the direction of the hotel.

The young man put on his robe, closed the lapels tight, and jammed his towel into his pocket. He picked up the slimy wet, cumbersome float and put it under his arm. He plodded alone through the soft, hot sand toward the hotel.

On the sub-main floor of the hotel, which the management directed bathers to use, a woman with zinc salve on her nose got into the elevator with the young man.

"I see you're looking at my feet," he said to her when the car was in motion.

"I beg your pardon?" said the woman.

"I said I see you're looking at my feet."

"I beg your pardon. I happened to be looking at the floor," said the woman, and faced the doors of the car.

"If you want to look at my feet, say so," said the young man. "But don't be a God-damned sneak about it."

"Let me out here, please," the woman said quickly to the girl operating the car.

The car doors opened and the woman got out without looking back.

"I have two normal feet and I can't see the slightest God-damned reason why anybody should stare at them," said the young man. "Five, please." He took his room key out of his robe pocket.

He got off at the fifth floor, walked down the hall, and let himself into 507. The room smelled of new calfskin luggage and nail-lacquer remover.

He glanced at the girl lying asleep on one of the twin beds. Then he went over to one of the pieces of luggage, opened it, and from under a pile of shorts and undershirts he took out an Ortgies calibre 7.65 automatic. He released the magazine, looked at it, then reinserted it. He cocked the piece. Then he went over and sat down on the unoccupied twin bed, looked at the girl, aimed the pistol, and fired a bullet through his right temple.

Un giorno ideale per i pescibanana

di J.D. Salinger [ da Nove Racconti ]

Nell’albergo c’erano novantasette agenti pubblicitari di New York e tenevano le linee interurbane talmente monopolizzate che la ragazza del 507 dovette attendere la sua chiamata fin quasi alle due e mezzo. Ma non rimase con le mani in mano. Lesse in una rivista femminile un articolo intitolato Il sesso: paradiso…o inferno. Lavò il pettine e la spazzola. Tolse la macchia dalla gonna del tailleur nocciola. Spostò il bottone sulla camicetta di Saks. Strappò due peli da poco spuntati alla superficie del neo. Quando finalmente la centralinista fece il numero della sua stanza, se ne stava seduta nel vano della finestra e aveva quasi finito di laccarsi le unghie della mano sinistra.
Era il tipo di ragazza che non pianta le cose a metà - qualsiasi cosa -per un campanello. Non cambiò espressione, come se quel telefono fosse abituata a sentirlo suonare ininterrottamente fin dalla pubertà.
Mentre gli squilli continuavano, passò il pennellino sull’unghia del mignolo, accentuando la curva della lunetta. Poi rimise il tappo al flacone di lacca e, alzandosi, agitò avanti e indietro la mano bagnata, la sinistra. Con quella asciutta raccolse dal sedile nel vano della finestra un portacenere congestionato e se lo portò fino al tavolino da notte, su cui era posato l’apparecchio. Sedette su uno dei due letti gemelli, fatti entrambi, e a questo punto - era il quinto o sesto squillo - alzò il ricevitore.
- Pronto, - disse, tenendo le dita della sinistra ben distese e lontane dalla vestaglia di seta bianca, l’unico indumento che avesse indosso oltre alle pantofole; gli anelli erano in bagno.
- Ci siamo, signora Glass, ho New York in linea, - disse la centralinista.
- Grazie, - disse la ragazza, e fece posto al portacenere sul tavolino da notte.
Dall’apparecchio venne una voce di donna. - Muriel? Sei tu?
La ragazza scostò un poco il ricevitore dall’orecchio. - Sì, mamma. Come stai? - disse.
- Ero in pena da morire. Perché non hai telefonato? Come stai? Stai bene?
- Ho cercato di chiamarti ieri sera e l’altro ieri. Ma qui il telefono…
- Davvero stai bene, Muriel?
La ragazza allargò ancora l’angolo tra il ricevitore e l’orecchio. - Sto benissimo. Fa un gran caldo. Oggi è la giornata più calda che ci sia stata in Florida dal…
- Perché non hai telefonato? Ero in pena da…
- Mamma, senti, c’è bisogno di urlare così? Ti sento benissimo, - disse la ragazza. - Ti ho chiamato due volte, ieri sera. Una volta erano appena passate le…
- L’avevo detto a tuo padre che probabilmente avresti chiamato, ieri sera. Ma lui niente, ha voluto a tutti i costi…Ma stai bene, Muriel? Dimmi la verità.
- Sto benissimo. Fammi il piacere, smettila di farmi sempre la stessa domanda.
- Quando siete arrivati?
- Non so. Mercoledì mattina, presto.
- Chi ha guidato?
- Lui, - disse la ragazza. - E non agitarti. Ha guidato come un angelo. Non avrei mai creduto.
- Ha guidato lui? Muriel, mi avevi dato la tua parola d’ono…
- Mamma, - interruppe la ragazza, - se ti dico che ha guidato come un angelo. Sotto gli ottanta dal principio alla fine, se vuoi saperlo.
- Non ha più fatto quei suoi scherzetti con gli alberi?
- Ti dico che ha guidato come un santo, mamma. Va bene? Gli ho detto di tenersi sempre vicino alla striscia bianca eccetera eccetera, e lui ha capito subito cosa volevo dire, e mi ha preso alla lettera. Cercava addirittura di non guardarli, gli alberi: me ne sono accorta benissimo. A proposito, papà se l’è poi fatta rimettere a posto, la macchina?
- Non ancora. Chiedono quattrocento dollari solo per…
- Mamma, Seymour ha già detto a papà che pagherà lui i danni. Non c’è motivo di…
- Va bene, vedremo. Come si è comportato… in macchina e… insomma.
- Benissimo, - disse la ragazza.
- T’ha ancora chiamata con quell’orribile…
- No. Adesso ne ha trovato un altro.
- E cioè?
- Oh, senti mamma, che te ne importa?
- Va bene, va bene. Mi chiama Miss Puttana Spirituale del 1948, - disse la ragazza, e ridacchiò.
- Non ridere, Muriel. Non c’è proprio niente da ridere. E’ una cosa spaventosa. Anzi, è un a cosa triste. Quando penso che…
- Mamma, - interruppe la ragazza, - senti una cosa. Ti ricordi di quel libro che mi aveva mandato dalla Germania? Sai, no… quelle poesie in tedesco. Dove diavolo l’ho messo? Mi sono rotta la…
- Ce l’hai sempre.
- Ma sei sicura? - disse la ragazza.
- Sicurissima. Anzi, l’ho io. E’ nella stanza di Freddy. L’hai lasciato qui e io non avevo più posto nella…Perché? Lo rivuole?
- No. Solo che me ne ha parlato, mentre venivamo qui. Voleva sapere se l’avevo letto.
- Ma è in tedesco!
- Lo so, mamma. Questo non cambia niente, - disse la ragazza, accavallando le gambe. - Si dà il caso che quelle poesie siano state scritte dall’unico grande poeta di questo secolo; così ha detto. Ha detto che avrei dovuto comprarmi una traduzione o… insomma. O se no, dovevo imparare il tedesco, e scusa se è poco.
- Spaventoso. Spaventoso. Proprio una cosa triste, non c’è altra parola. Ieri sera tuo padre diceva…
- Un secondo, mamma, - disse la ragazza. Andò a prendere le sigarette vicino alla finestra, ne accese una, e tornò a sedersi sul letto. - Mamma?-
disse, soffiando fuori il fumo.
- Stammi bene a sentire, adesso, Muriel.
- Ti sento.
- Tuo padre ha parlato col dottor Sivetski.
- Ah! - disse la ragazza.
- Gli ha raccontato tutto. Tutto. Almeno, così dice lui… sai com’è tuo padre. Gli alberi. Il fatto della finestra. Quelle cose atroci che ha detto alla nonna, quando le ha chiesto se aveva dei progetti per le vacanze eterne. Come ha conciato quelle meravigliose fotografie delle Bermude… tutto.
- E allora? - disse la ragazza.
- Allora. Per prima cosa, Sivetski ha detto che l’Esercito non avrebbe mai dovuto dimetterlo dall’ospedale: è stato un vero delitto, parola d’onore. Ha detto chiaramente a tuo padre che c’è il rischio - un rischio grandissimo, dice - che Seymour perda completamente il controllo di se stesso. Parola d’onore.
- C’è uno psichiatra qui all’albergo, - disse la ragazza.
- Chi è? Come si chiama?
- Non lo so. Rieser, un nome così. Pare che sia bravissimo.
- Mai sentito nominare.
- Be’, comunque pare che sia bravissimo.
- Muriel, non prenderla su questo tono, fammi il piacere. Stiamo molto in pensiero per te. Tuo padre voleva telegrafarti di tornare a casa, ieri sera, se vuoi s…
- Per il momento non ho nessuna intenzione di tornare a casa, mamma. E quindi non stare ad agitarti.
- Muriel, parola d’onore. Il dottor Sivetski dice che Seymour può perdere completamente il con…
- Sono appena arrivata, mamma. Sono le prime vacanze che mi prendo in non so quanti anni, e non ho nessuna intenzione di rifare le valige proprio adesso e tornarmene a casa, - disse la ragazza. - E poi comunque non potrei mettermi in viaggio. Mi sono presa una scottatura che non posso neanche muovermi.
- Ti sei presa una brutta scottatura? Ma non hai visto quel flacone di Bronze che t’ho messo nella valigia? L’ho messo subito sotto…
- L’ho visto e l’ho usato. Mi sono scottata lo stesso.
- E’ terribile. Dove sei scottata?
- Dappertutto, mamma, dappertutto.
- E’ terribile.
- Non morirò.
- Senti, hai parlato con lo psichiatra?
- Be’, per modo di dire, - disse la ragazza.
- Che cosa ha detto? Dov’era Seymour mentre tu gli parlavi?
- Nella sala belvedere, a suonare il piano. Ha suonato tute e due le sere, da quando siamo qui.
- E allora? Cosa ti ha detto?
- Oh, niente di speciale. E’ stato lui ad attaccare discorso. Ero seduta vicino a lui, ieri sera, mentre si giocava a tombola, e lui m’ha chiesto se era mio marito quello che suonava il piano nell’altra stanza. Ho detto di sì, che era lui, e lui m’ha chiesto se Seymour era stato malato o cos’aveva. Allora io gli ho detto…
- Come mai te l’ha chiesto?
- Non lo so, mamma. Probabilmente perché è così pallido e tutto, - disse la ragazza. - Comunque, dopo la tombola lui e sua moglie mi hanno invitata a prendere qualcosa con loro, e io ho accettato. Sua moglie è orrenda. Ti ricordi quell’atroce abito da sera che abbiamo visto nella vetrina di Bonwit? Quello che tu hai detto che per poterlo portare bisognava avere un microscopico…
- Quello verde?
- Ce l’aveva addosso. E avessi visto i fianchi. Continuava a chiedermi se Seymour è parente di Suzanne Glass, sai, quella che ha il negozio a Madison Avenue… la modista.
- Ho capito, ma cosa ti ha detto? Il dottore.
- Oh, niente di speciale, cosa vuoi. Eravamo nel bar, capisci? C’era un chiasso tremendo.
- Sì, ma tu… ma gli hai detto cos’ha cercato di fare con la sedia della nonna?
- No, mamma. Non ho potuto entrare molto nei particolari, - disse la ragazza. - Probabilmente troverò un altro momento per parlargli. Sta seduto al bar dalla mattina alla sera.
- Non ha mica detto che secondo lui c’è il pericolo che possa… insomma… che si metta a fare delle stranezze? Che possa farti del male?
- Non proprio, - disse la ragazza. - Deve avere più dati, mamma. Devono sapere di quand’era bambino… tutte quelle cose lì. Te l’ho detto, quasi non potevamo sentirci, c’era un chiasso dell’altro mondo.
- Bene. Come va il tuo giaccone blu?
- Va ancora. Ho fatto togliere un po’ di imbottitura.
- Come sono i vestiti quest’anno?
- Terribili. Ma molto divertenti. Perfino lustrini… insomma tutto, - disse la ragazza.
- Com’è la stanza?
- Può andare. Ma appena appena. Non siamo riusciti ad avere la stanza che avevamo prima della guerra, - disse la ragazza. - La gente che c’è qui quest’anno è spaventosa. Dovresti vedere che razza di tipi abbiamo vicino a noi in sala da pranzo. Il tavolo accanto al nostro. Da dirsi, ma come ci sono arrivati qui, in camion?
- Cosa vuoi, è così dappertutto. E la gonna a fiori, poi?
- E’ troppo lunga. Te l’avevo detto che era troppo lunga.
- Muriel, te lo chiedo per l’ultima volta: stai bene?
- Mamma, - disse la ragazza, - per la novantaseiesima volta: sì.
- E non vuoi tornare a casa?
- Mamma, no.
- Tuo padre ha detto ieri sera che sarebbe felicissimo di aiutarti finanziariamente, se vuoi andartene in qualche posto per conto tuo a pensarci sopra. Potresti farti una bella crociera. Secondo noi…
- No, grazie, - disse la ragazza, e disincrociò le gambe. - Mamma, questa telefonata mi sta costando un pa…
- Quando penso che sei rimasta ad aspettare quel ragazzo per tutta la guerra… insomma, no quando penso a quelle mogli che ne facevano di tutti i colori…
- Mamma, - disse la ragazza, - è meglio che smettiamo. Seymour può entrare da un momento all’altro.
- Dov’è?
- Sulla spiaggia.
- Sulla spiaggia? Da solo? E come si comporta sulla spiaggia?
- Mamma, - disse la ragazza, - parli di lui come se fosse pazzo furioso…
- Non ho mai detto questo, Muriel.
- Be’, ma lo pensi. Poveretto, se ne sta lì sdraiato, buono buono. Non si toglie nemmeno l’accappatoio.
- Non si toglie l’accappatoio? E perché?
- E chi lo sa? Sarà perché è così bianco.
- Ma santo cielo, se c’è uno che ha bisogno di sole. Cerca di farglielo capire, no?
- Sai com’è Seymour, - disse la ragazza, e tornò ad accavallare le gambe.- Dice che non vuole che tutti quegli imbecilli vengano a vedere il suo tatuaggio.
- Ma non è mica tatuato! S’è fatto tatuare sotto le armi?
- No, mamma. No, sta’ tranquilla, - disse la ragazza e si alzò. - Senti, ti chiamo io domani, magari.
- Muriel. Stammi bene a sentire.
- Sì, mamma, - disse la ragazza, spostando il peso del corpo sulla gamba destra.
- Se si mette a fare o a dire qualcosa di strano devi chiamarmi immediatamente. Sai cosa voglio dire. Hai capito?
- Io non ho paura di Seymour, mamma.
- Muriel, devi promettermelo.
- Va bene, te lo prometto. Ciao, mamma, - disse la ragazza. - Saluta papà -. E abbassò il ricevitore.

- L’acchiappatoio – disse Sybil Carpenter, che abitava nell’albergo con sua madre. – Dov’è l’acchiappatoio?
- Se lo dici ancora una volta, topino, la mamma impazzisce. Diventa matta. Sta’ ferma, su.
La signora Carpenter stava mettendo dell’olio solare sulle spalle di Sybil, spalmandolo sulle scapole delicate come ali. Sybil era seduta precariamente su un grosso pallone da spiaggia, volta verso l’oceano. Indossava un costume da bagno giallo canarino, a due pezzi, e di uno dei due pezzi non avrebbe, in realtà, avuto bisogno per altri nove o dieci anni.
- Era un comunissimo fazzoletto di seta… da vicino si vedeva benissimo, - disse la donna nella sdraio accanto a quella della signora Carpenter. - Vorrei proprio sapere come se l’era legato. Le dico: un amore.
- Ci credo, - consentì la signora Carpenter. - Sybil, vuoi star ferma, per favore ?
- Che cosa acchiappi se non te lo togli? - disse Sybil.
La signora Carpenter sospirò. - Ecco, - disse. Riavvitò il tappo sul flacone. - Adesso corri a giocare, topino. La mamma va un momento in albergo a prendere un martini con la signora Hubbel. Ti porto l’oliva, eh?
Lasciata libera, Sybil corse fini alla parte piatta e dura della spiaggia, poi cominciò a camminare verso il Chiosco del Pescatore. Fermandosi solo una volta a ficcare il piede dentro un castello di sabbia ormai ridotto in poltiglia, si trovò ben presto fuori dal tratto riservato agli ospiti dell’albergo.
Continuò a camminare per quattro o cinquecento metri e all’improvviso partì di corsa, tagliando obliquamente attraverso la striscia più interna della spiaggia, dove la sabbia era soffice. Si fermò di colpo quando raggiunse il punto in cui un giovanotto se ne stava sdraiato sul dorso.
- Che cosa acchiappi se non te lo togli? - disse.
Il giovanotto sussultò, chiudendosi con la destra i risvolti dell’accappatoio di spugna. Si rivoltò sullo stomaco, lasciando cadere un asciugamano arrotolato che gli copriva gli occhi, e alzò lo sguardo su Sybil, ammiccando.
- Ehi! Ciao, Sybil.
- Non te lo togli?
- Stavo aspettando te, - disse il giovanotto. - Novità?
- Come? - disse Sybil.
- Che novità ci sono? Che c’è in programma?
- Il mio papà arriva domani col nareoplano, disse Sybil, scalciando nella sabbia.
- Non in faccia, Sybil, - disse il giovanotto, chiudendo la mano intorno alla caviglia di Sybil. - Be’, era ora che arrivasse, il tuo papà. Sai che lo aspettavo con impazienza. Con viva impazienza.
- Dov’è la signora? - disse Sybil.
- La signora? - Il giovanotto si tolse un po’ di sabbia dai capelli radi. - Difficile dirlo, Sybil. Ci sono mille posti in cui potrebbe essere. Dal parrucchiere. A farsi tingere i capelli di un bel visone. O a fabbricare delle bambole per i bambini poveri, in camera sua -. Tornando a sdraiarsi, ma questa volta sul ventre, il giovanotto chiuse le due mani a pugno, le mise una sopra l’altra, e appoggiò il mento su questo sostegno. - Domandami qualche altra cosa, Sybil, - disse. – E’ bello quel costume che hai addosso, sai? Se c’è una cosa che mi piace, è un costume da bagno blu.
Sybil lo guardò a occhi sgranati, poi si contemplò lo stomaco sporgente. - Questo è un giallo, - disse. - Questo è un giallo.
- Ah sì? Vieni un po’ più vicina.
Sybil fece un passo avanti.
- Hai proprio ragione. Ma guarda che stupido sono.
- Non ci vai nell’acqua? - disse Sybil.
- Ci sto pensando seriamente. Sto considerando la cosa con molta serietà, Sybil, se questo può farti piacere.
Sybil tastò col piede il materassino di gomma che qualche volta il giovanotto usava per appoggiare la testa. - Gli manca aria, - disse.
- Hai ragione. Gli manca più aria di quanto io sia disposto ad ammettere -. Tolse i due pugni di sotto il mento, che lasciò ricadere sulla sabbia. - Sybil, - disse, - sei proprio in forma. E’un piacere vederti. Perché non mi parli un po’ di te? - Protese le mani davanti a sé e le strinse attorno alle caviglie di Sybil. - Io sono del Capricorno, - disse. - E tu cosa sei?
- Sharon Lipschutz dice che l’hai lasciata sedere sullo sgabello del piano vicino a te, - disse Sybil.
- Sharon Lipschutz ha detto questo?
Sybil annuì vigorosamente.
Il giovanotto le lasciò andare le caviglie, ritirò le mani e appoggiò una guancia sull’avambraccio destro. - Be’, - disse, - lo sai come vanno queste cose, Sybil. Ero là seduto che stavo suonando. E tu chissà dov’eri, in quel momento. E Sharon Lipschutz è venuta lì e a un certo punto si è messa a sedere vicino a me. Non potevo mica spingerla via, ti pare?
- Sì, che potevi.
- Oh no. No. Non potevo fare una cosa simile, - disse il giovanotto. - Ma sai cosa ho fatto, invece?
- Cosa?
- Ho fatto finta che fossi tu.
Immediatamente Sybil si chinò e cominciò a scavare nella sabbia.
- Andiamo nell’acqua, - disse.
- Va bene, - disse il giovanotto. - Si può sempre provare.
- Un’altra volta spingila via, - disse Sybil.
- Chi devo spingere via?
- Sharon Lipschutz.
- Ah, Sharon Lipschutz, - disse il giovanotto. - Come torna spesso quel nome. Mischiando il ricordo al desiderio -. Si alzò in piedi di colpo. Guardò l’oceano. - Sybil, - disse, - sai cosa faremo adesso? Cercheremo di acchiappare un pescebanana.
- Un cosa?
- Un pescebanana, - disse il giovanotto, e sciolse la cintura dell’ac-cappatoio. Si tolse l’accappatoio. Aveva le spalle bianche e strette, e le mutandine azzurre. Piegò l’accappatoio, prima nel senso della lunghezza, poi in tre parti. Srotolò l’asciugamano che s’era messo sugli occhi, lo stese sulla sabbia e vi depose sopra l’accappatoio ripiegato. Si chinò, raccolse il materassino e se lo mise sotto il braccio destro. Poi, con la sinistra, prese la mano di Sybil.
Insieme si avviarono verso il mare.
- Immagino che ne avrai visti parecchi, di pescibanana, ai tuoi bei tempi, - disse il giovanotto.
Sybil scosse il capo.
- No? Ma si può sapere dove vivi?
- Non lo so, - disse Sybil.
- Ma sì che lo sai. Devi saperlo per forza. Sharon Lipschutz sa benissimo dove abita e ha solo tre anni e mezzo.
Sybil smise di camminare e strappò la mano da quella di lui. Raccolse una comune conchiglia e la esaminò con elaborato interesse. La gettò via. - Whirly Wood, Connecticut, - disse, e riprese a camminare con lo stomaco bene in fuori.
- Whirly Wood, Connecticut, - disse il giovanotto. - Non è dalle parti di Whirly Wood, Connecticut, per caso?
Sybil lo guardò. - E’ lì che abito, - disse spazientita.- Abito a Whirly Wood, Connecticut -. Corse davanti a lui di qualche passo, si prese con la sinistra il piede sinistro, e saltellò due o tre volte su una gamba sola.
- Tutto è chiaro, finalmente, - disse il giovanotto.
Sybil lasciò andare il piede. - Hai letto Il piccolo Sambo? - disse.
- E’ strano che tu me lo chieda, - disse lui. - Vedi caso, ho finito di leggerlo proprio ieri sera -. Allungò il braccio e riprese la mano di Sybil. - Come t’è sembrato? - le chiese.
- Come correvano intorno a quell’albero, le tigri.
- Non si fermavano più. Mai viste tante tigri in vita mia.
- Ce n’erano solo sei, - disse Sybil.
- Solo sei? - disse il giovanotto. - E lo chiami solo?
- Ti piace la cera? - chiese Sybil.
- Mi piace cosa? - chiese il giovanotto.
- La cera.
- Moltissimo. E a te?
Sybil annuì. - Ti piacciono le olive? - chiese.
- Le olive… sì. Olive e cera. Non faccio un passo senza portarmene dietro una provvista.
- Ti piace Sharon Lipschutz? - chiese Sybil.
- Sì. Sì, mi piace, - disse il giovanotto. - Quel che soprattutto mi piace di lei è che non fa mai delle brutte cose ai cagnolini nell’atrio dell’albergo. Quel piccolo bulldog di quella signora canadese, per esempio. Tu probabilmente non ci crederai, ma ho visto coi miei occhi certe bambine tormentarlo con un bastoncino. Queste cose Sharon non le fa. Non è mai cattiva o dispettosa, lei. E’ per questo che mi piace tanto.
Sybil taceva.
- Mi piace masticare le candele, - disse finalmente.
- Lo credo bene, - disse il giovanotto, mettendo i piedi nell’acqua. - Ahi! E’ fredda -. Lasciò cadere il materassino. - No, aspetta un momento, Sybil. Aspetta che arriviamo un po’ più in là.
Si spinsero avanti finché l’acqua giunse alla vita di Sybil. Allora il giovanotto la sollevò e la fece sdraiare sul materassino., a pancia in giù.
- Resti con i capelli così, senza cuffia, senza niente? - le chiese il giovanotto.
- Non lasciarmi andare, - ordinò Sybil. - Tienimi forte, adesso.
- Signorina Carpenter. La prego. Conosco i miei doveri, disse il giovanotto. - Tu devi solo tenere gli occhi bene aperti per il caso che passi qualche pescebanana. Questo è un giorno ideale per i pescibanana.
- Non ne vedo neanche uno.
- E’ comprensibile. Hanno delle abitudini molto singolari. Molto, ma molto singolari.
Continuò ad avanzare spingendo il materassino. L’acqua non gli arrivava al petto. – E’ una vita molto tragica, la loro, poveretti, - disse. - Lo sai cosa fanno, Sybil?
Sybil scosse il capo.
- Vedi, nuotano dentro una grotta dove c’è un mucchio di banane. Sembrano dei pesci qualunque, quando vanno dentro. Ma una volta che sono entrati, si comportano come dei maialini. Ti dico, so da fonte sicura di certi pescibanana che, dopo essersi infilati in una grotta bananifera, sono arrivati a mangiare la bellezza di settantotto banane -. Avvicinò di mezzo metro all’orizzonte il materassino e la sua passeggera. - Naturalmente, dopo una scorpacciata simile sono così grassi che non possono più venir fuori dalla grotta. Non passano dalla porta.
- Non troppo lontano, - disse Sybil. - E poi, cosa fanno?
- Cosa fanno chi?
- I pescibanana.
- Oh, vuoi dire dopo che hanno mangiato tante banane che non possono più uscire dalla grotta bananifera?
- Sì, - disse Sybil.
- Ecco, mi rincresce molto di dovertelo dire, Sybil. Muoiono.
- Perché? - chiese Sybil.
- Ecco, gli viene la bananite. E’ una malattia terribile.
- C’è un’onda che sta arrivando, - disse Sybil nervosamente.
- Faremo finta di non vederla. La snobberemo, - disse il giovanotto. - Due snob -. Prese in mano le caviglie di Sybil e spinse in basso e in avanti. Il materassino si rizzò sopra la cresta dell’onda. L’acqua inondò i capelli biondi di Sybil, ma il suo strillo era pieno di gioia.
Con la mano, quando il materassino fu di nuovo immobile, si tolse dagli occhi un lungo ciuffo bagnato e piatto, e riferì: - Ne ho visto uno.
- Cos’hai visto, amor mio?
- Un pescebanana.
- Santo cielo, no! - disse il giovanotto. - Aveva delle banane in bocca?
- Sì, - disse Sybil. - Sei.
All’improvviso il giovanotto tirò su uno dei piedi bagnati di Sybil, che sporgevano oltre l’orlo del materassino, e ne baciò il collo.
- Ehi! - disse la padrona del piede, voltandosi.
- Ehi cosa? Adesso si torna. Ti basta così?
- No!
- Mi rincresce, - disse il giovanotto, e spinse il materassino verso la spiaggia finché Sybil poté scendere. Poi lo tirò fuori dall’acqua e lo portò a riva.
- Ciao, - disse Sybil, e corse senza rimpianto in direzione dell’albergo.

Il giovanotto si infilò l’accappatoio, accostò strettamente i risvolti e si cacciò l’asciugamano in tasca. Raccolse il materassino bagnato, cui ora aderiva un velo di sabbia, e se lo mise alla meglio sotto braccio. Si avviò solo, a passi pesanti, sulla sabbia fine e rovente verso l’albergo.
Al piano seminterrato dell’albergo, dove c’era l’ingresso riservato dalla direzione ai bagnanti, una donna col naso coperto di pomata allo zinco entrò nell’ascensore insieme al giovanotto.
- Vedo che mi sta guardando i piedi, - disse il giovanotto quando la cabina si mise in moto.
- Come ha detto, scusi? - disse la donna.
- Ho detto che vedo che lei mi sta guardando i piedi.
- Scusi, ma stavo guardando in terra, disse la donna, e si volse verso la porta della cabina.
- Se le fa piacere guardarmi i piedi, si accomodi, - disse il giovanotto. - Ma perdio, abbia almeno il coraggio di farlo senza sotterfugi.
- Scendo qui, prego, - disse in fretta la donna alla ragazza che manovrava l’ascensore.
Le porte si aprirono e la donna uscì senza voltarsi indietro.
- Ho dei piedi normalissimi e perdio non capisco perché la gente me li debba guardare con gli occhi fuori dalla testa, - disse il giovanotto. - Al quinto, prego -. Tirò fuori dalla tasca dell’accappatoio la chiave della sua camera.
Scese al quinto piano, percorse il corridoio ed entrò al numero 507. La stanza odorava di valige nuove e di acetone.
Il giovanotto guardò la ragazza addormentata su uno dei letti gemelli. Poi si avvicinò a una valigia, l’aprì, e di sotto a una pila di mutande e canottiere trasse una Ortgies automatica calibro 7,65. Fece scattare fuori il caricatore, lo guardò, tornò a infilarlo nell’arma. Tolse la sicura. Poi attraversò la stanza e sedette sul letto libero; guardò la ragazza, prese la mira e si sparò un colpo nella tempia destra.

J. D. Salinger, Literary Recluse, Dies at 91


January 29, 2010

J. D. Salinger, who was thought at one time to be the most important American writer to emerge since World War II but who then turned his back on success and adulation, becoming the Garbo of letters, famous for not wanting to be famous, died Wednesday at his home in Cornish, N.H., where he had lived in seclusion for more than 50 years. He was 91.

Mr. Salinger’s literary representative, Harold Ober Associates, announced the death, saying it was of natural causes. “Despite having broken his hip in May,” the agency said, “his health had been excellent until a rather sudden decline after the new year. He was not in any pain before or at the time of his death.”

Mr. Salinger’s literary reputation rests on a slender but enormously influential body of published work: the novel “The Catcher in the Rye,” the collection “Nine Stories” and two compilations, each with two long stories about the fictional Glass family: “Franny and Zooey” and “Raise High the Roof Beam, Carpenters and Seymour: An Introduction.”

“Catcher” was published in 1951, and its very first sentence, distantly echoing Mark Twain, struck a brash new note in American literature: “If you really want to hear about it, the first thing you’ll probably want to know is where I was born and what my lousy childhood was like, and how my parents were occupied and all before they had me, and all that David Copperfield kind of crap, but I don’t feel like going into it, if you want to know the truth.”

Though not everyone, teachers and librarians especially, was sure what to make of it, “Catcher” became an almost immediate best seller, and its narrator and main character, Holden Caulfield, a teenager newly expelled from prep school, became America’s best-known literary truant since Huckleberry Finn.

With its cynical, slangy vernacular voice (Holden’s two favorite expressions are “phony” and “goddam”), its sympathetic understanding of adolescence and its fierce if alienated sense of morality and distrust of the adult world, the novel struck a nerve in cold war America and quickly attained cult status, especially among the young. Reading “Catcher” used to be an essential rite of passage, almost as important as getting your learner’s permit.

The novel’s allure persists to this day, even if some of Holden’s preoccupations now seem a bit dated, and it continues to sell tens of thousands of copies a year in paperback. Mark David Chapman, who assassinated John Lennon in 1980, even said that the explanation for his act could be found in the pages of “The Catcher in the Rye.” In 1974 Philip Roth wrote, “The response of college students to the work of J. D. Salinger indicates that he, more than anyone else, has not turned his back on the times but, instead, has managed to put his finger on whatever struggle of significance is going on today between self and culture.”

Many critics were even more admiring of “Nine Stories,” which came out in 1953 and helped shape later writers like Mr. Roth, John Updike and Harold Brodkey. The stories were remarkable for their sharp social observation, their pitch-perfect dialogue (Mr. Salinger, who used italics almost as a form of musical notation, was a master not of literary speech but of speech as people actually spoke it), and the way they demolished whatever was left of the traditional architecture of the short story — the old structure of beginning, middle, end — in favor of an architecture of emotion, in which a story could turn on a tiny alteration of mood or irony. Mr. Updike said he admired “that open-ended Zen quality they have, the way they don’t snap shut.”

Mr. Salinger also perfected the great trick of literary irony — of validating what you mean by saying less than, or even the opposite of, what you intend. Orville Prescott wrote in The Times in 1963, “Rarely if ever in literary history has a handful of stories aroused so much discussion, controversy, praise, denunciation, mystification and interpretation.”

As a young man, Mr. Salinger yearned ardently for just this kind of attention. He bragged in college about his literary talent and ambitions, and wrote swaggering letters to Whit Burnett, the editor of Story magazine. But success, once it arrived, paled quickly for him. He told the editors of Saturday Review that he was “good and sick” of seeing his photograph on the dust jacket of “The Catcher in the Rye” and demanded that it be removed from subsequent editions. He ordered his agent to burn any fan mail.

In 1953, Mr. Salinger, who had been living on East 57th Street in Manhattan, fled the literary world altogether and moved to a 90-acre compound on a wooded hillside in Cornish, N.H. He seemed to be fulfilling Holden’s desire to build himself “a little cabin somewhere with the dough I made and live there for the rest of my life,” away from “any goddam stupid conversation with anybody.”

He seldom left, except occasionally to vacation in Florida or to visit William Shawn, the almost equally reclusive former editor of The New Yorker. Avoiding Mr. Shawn’s usual (and very public) table at the Algonquin, they would meet instead under the clock at the old Biltmore Hotel, the rendezvous for generations of prep-school and college students.

After Mr. Salinger moved to New Hampshire, his publications slowed to a trickle and soon stopped completely. “Franny and Zooey” and “Raise High the Roof Beam,” both collections of material previously published in The New Yorker, came out in 1961 and 1963, and the last work of Mr. Salinger’s to appear in print was “Hapworth 16, 1924,” a 25,000-word story that took up most of the June 19, 1965, issue of The New Yorker.

In 1997, Mr. Salinger agreed to let Orchises Press, a small publisher in Alexandria, Va., bring out “Hapworth” in book form, but he backed out of the deal at the last minute. He never collected the rest of his stories or allowed any of them to be reprinted in textbooks or anthologies. One story, “Uncle Wiggily in Connecticut,” was turned into “My Foolish Heart,” a movie so bad that Mr. Salinger was never tempted to sell film rights again.

In the fall of 1953, Mr. Salinger befriended some local teenagers and allowed one of them to interview him for what he assumed would be an article on the high school page of a local paper, The Claremont (N.H.) Daily Eagle. The article appeared instead as a feature on the editorial page, and Mr. Salinger felt so betrayed that he broke off with the teenagers and built a six-and-a-half-foot fence around his property.

He seldom spoke to the press again, except in 1974 when, trying to fend off the unauthorized publication of his uncollected stories, he told a reporter from The Times: “There is a marvelous peace in not publishing. It’s peaceful. Still. Publishing is a terrible invasion of my privacy. I like to write. I love to write. But I write just for myself and my own pleasure.”

And yet the more he sought privacy, the more famous he became, especially after his appearance on the cover of Time in 1961. For years, it was a sort of journalistic sport for newspapers and magazines to send reporters to New Hampshire in hopes of a sighting. As a young man, Mr. Salinger had a long, melancholy face and deep soulful eyes, but now, in the few photographs that surfaced, he looked gaunt and gray, like someone in an El Greco painting. He spent more time and energy avoiding the world, it was sometimes said, than most people do in embracing it, and his elusiveness only added to the mythology growing up around him.

Depending on your point of view, he was either a crackpot or the American Tolstoy, who had turned silence itself into his most eloquent work of art. Some believed he was publishing under an assumed name, and for a while in the late 1970s, William Wharton, author of “Birdy,” was rumored to be Mr. Salinger, writing under another name, until it turned out that William Wharton was instead a pen name for a writer named Albert du Aime.

In 1984, the British literary critic Ian Hamilton approached Mr. Salinger with the notion of writing his biography. Not surprisingly, Mr. Salinger turned him down, saying he had “borne all the exploitation and loss of privacy I can possibly bear in a single lifetime.” Mr. Hamilton went ahead anyway, and in 1986, Mr. Salinger took him to court to prevent the use of quotations and paraphrases from unpublished letters. The case went all the way to the Supreme Court, and to the surprise of many observers, Mr. Salinger eventually won, though not without some cost to his cherished privacy. (In June 2009, Mr. Salinger also sued Fredrik Colting, the Swedish author and publisher of a novel said to be a sequel to “The Catcher in the Rye.” In July, a federal judge indefinitely enjoined publication of the book.)

Mr. Salinger’s privacy was further punctured in 1998 and again in 2000 with the publication of memoirs by, first, Joyce Maynard — with whom he had a 10-month affair in 1973, when Ms. Maynard was a college freshman — and then his daughter, Margaret. Some critics complained that both women were trying to exploit and profit from their history with Mr. Salinger, and Mr. Salinger’s son, Matthew, wrote in a letter to The New York Observer that his sister had “a troubled mind” and that he didn’t recognize the man portrayed in her account. But both books nevertheless added a creepy, Howard Hughesish element to the Salinger legend.

Mr. Salinger was controlling and sexually manipulative, Ms. Maynard wrote, and a health nut obsessed with homeopathic medicine and with his diet (frozen peas for breakfast, undercooked lamb burger for dinner). Ms. Salinger said that her father was pathologically self-centered and abusive toward her mother, and to the homeopathy and food fads she added a long list of other enthusiasms: Zen Buddhism, Vedanta Hinduism, Christian Science, Scientology and acupuncture. Mr. Salinger drank his own urine, she wrote, and sat for hours in an orgone box.

But was he writing? The question obsessed Salingerologists, and in the absence of any real evidence, theories multiplied. He hadn’t written a word for years. Or like the character in Stephen King’s novel “The Shining,” he wrote the same sentence over and over again. Or like Gogol at the end of his life, he wrote prolifically but then burned it all up. Ms. Maynard said she believed there were at least two novels locked away in a safe, although she had never seen them.

Jerome David Salinger was born in Manhattan on New Year’s Day, 1919, the second of two children. His sister, Doris, who died in 2001, was for many years a buyer in the dress department at Bloomingdale’s. Like the Glasses, the Salinger children were the product of a mixed marriage. Their father, Sol, was a Jew, the son of a rabbi, but sufficiently assimilated that he made his living importing both cheese and ham. Their mother, Marie Jillisch, was of Irish descent, born in Scotland. The family was living in Harlem when Mr. Salinger was born, but then, as Sol Salinger’s business prospered, moved to West 82nd Street and then to Park Avenue.

Never much of a student, Mr. Salinger, then known as Sonny, attended the progressive McBurney School on the Upper West Side (he told the admissions office his interests were dramatics and tropical fish). But he flunked out after two years and in 1934 was packed off to Valley Forge Military Academy, near Wayne, Pa., which became the model for Holden’s Pencey Prep. Like Holden, he was the manager of the school fencing team, and he also became the literary editor of the school yearbook, Crossed Swords, and wrote a school song that was either a heartfelt pastiche of 19th-century sentiment or else a masterpiece of irony:

Hide not thy tears on this last day

Your sorrow has no shame;

To march no more midst lines of gray;

No longer play the game.

Four years have passed in joyful ways — Wouldst stay those old times dear?

Then cherish now these fleeting days,

The few while you are here.

In 1937, after a couple of unenthusiastic weeks at New York University, Mr. Salinger traveled with his father to Austria and Poland, where the father’s plan was for him to learn the ham business. Deciding that wasn’t for him, he returned to America and drifted through a term or so at Ursinus College in Collegeville, Pa. Fellow students remember him striding around campus in a black chesterfield with velvet collar and announcing that he was going to write the Great American Novel.

Mr. Salinger’s most sustained exposure to higher education was an evening class he took at Columbia in 1939, taught by Whit Burnett, and under Mr. Burnett’s tutelage he managed to sell a story, “The Young Folks,” to Story magazine. He subsequently sold stories to Esquire, Collier’s and The Saturday Evening Post — formulaic work that gave little hint of real originality.

In 1941, after several rejections, Mr. Salinger finally cracked The New Yorker, the ultimate goal of any aspiring writer back then, with a story, “Slight Rebellion Off Madison,” that was an early sketch of what became a scene in “The Catcher in the Rye.” But the magazine then had second thoughts, apparently worried about seeming to encourage young people to run away from school, and held the story for five years — an eternity even for The New Yorker — before finally publishing it in 1946, buried way in the back of an issue.

Meanwhile, Mr. Salinger had been drafted. He served with the Counter Intelligence Corps of the Fourth Infantry Division, whose job was to interview Nazi deserters and sympathizers, and was stationed for a while in Tiverton, Devonshire, the setting for “For Esmé — With Love and Squalor,” probably the most deeply felt of the “Nine Stories.” On June 6, 1944, he landed at Utah Beach, and he later saw action during the Battle of the Bulge.

In 1945, he was hospitalized for “battle fatigue” — often a euphemism for a breakdown — and after recovering, he stayed on in Europe past the end of the war, chasing Nazi functionaries. He married a German woman, very briefly — a doctor about whom biographers have been able to discover very little. Her name was Sylvia, Margaret Salinger said, but Mr. Salinger always called her Saliva.

Back in New York, Mr. Salinger moved into his parents’ apartment and, having never stopped writing, even during the war, resumed his career. “A Perfect Day for Bananafish,” austere, mysterious and Mr. Salinger’s most famous and still most discussed story, appeared in The New Yorker in 1948 and suggested, not wrongly, that he had become a very different kind of writer. And like so many writers, he eventually found in The New Yorker not just an outlet but a kind of home, and developed a particularly close relationship with the magazine’s editor, William Shawn, himself famously shy and agoraphobic — a kindred spirit. In 1961, Mr. Salinger dedicated “Franny and Zooey” to Mr. Shawn, writing, “I urge my editor, mentor and (heaven help him) closest friend, William Shawn, genius domus of The New Yorker, lover of the long shot, protector of the unprolific, defender of the hopelessly flamboyant, most unreasonably modest of born great artist-editors, to accept this pretty skimpy-looking book.”

As a young writer, Mr. Salinger was something of a ladies’ man and dated, among others, Oona O’Neill, the daughter of Eugene O’Neill and the future wife of Charlie Chaplin. In 1953, he met Claire Douglas, the daughter of the English art critic Robert Langdon Douglas, who was then a 19-year-old Radcliffe sophomore who in many ways resembled Franny Glass (or vice versa); they were married two years later (Ms. Douglas had married and divorced in the meantime). Margaret was born in 1955, and Matthew, now an actor and film producer, was born in 1960. But the marriage soon turned distant and isolating, and in 1966, Ms. Douglas sued for divorce, claiming that “a continuation of the marriage would seriously injure her health and endanger her reason.”

The affair with Ms. Maynard, then a Yale freshman, began in 1972, after Mr. Salinger read an article she had written for The New York Times Magazine called “An 18-Year-Old Looks Back on Life.” They moved in together but broke up abruptly after 10 months when Mr. Salinger said he had no desire for more children. For a while in the ’80s, Mr. Salinger was involved with the actress Elaine Joyce, and late in that decade he married Colleen O’Neill, a nurse and the director of the Cornish town fair, who is considerably younger than he is. Not much is known about the marriage because Ms. O’Neill embraced her husband’s code of seclusion.

Mr. Salinger is survived by Ms. O’Neill; his son, Matt; his daughter, Margaret; and three grandsons. His literary agents said in their statement that “in keeping with his lifelong, uncompromising desire to protect and defend his privacy, there will be no service, and the family asks that people’s respect for him, his work and his privacy be extended to them, individually and collectively, during this time.”

“Salinger had remarked that he was in this world but not of it,” the statement said. “His body is gone but the family hopes that he is still with those he loves, whether they are religious or historical figures, personal friends or fictional characters.”

As for the fictional family the Glasses, Mr. Salinger had apparently been writing about them nonstop. Ms. Maynard said she saw shelves of notebooks devoted to the family. In Mr. Salinger’s fiction, the Glasses first turn up in “A Perfect Day for Bananafish,” in which Seymour, the oldest son and family favorite, kills himself during his honeymoon. Characters who turn out in retrospect to have been Glasses appear glancingly in “Nine Stories,” but the family saga really begins to be elaborated upon in “Franny and Zooey,” “Raise High the Roof Beam” and “Hapworth,” the long short story, which is ostensibly a letter written by Seymour from camp when he is just 7 years old but already reading several languages and lusting after Mrs. Happy, wife of the camp owner. Readers also began to learn about the parents, Les and Bessie, long-suffering ex-vaudevillians, and Seymour’s siblings Franny, Zooey, Buddy, Walt, Waker and Boo Boo; about the Glasses’ Upper West Side apartment; about the radio quiz show on which all the children appeared. Seldom, in fact, has a fictional family been so lovingly or richly imagined.

Too lovingly, some critics complained. With the publication of “Franny and Zooey,” even staunch Salinger admirers began to break ranks. John Updike wrote in The Times Book Review: “Salinger loves the Glasses more than God loves them. He loves them too exclusively. Their invention has become a hermitage for him. He loves them to the detriment of artistic moderation.” Other readers hated the growing streak of Eastern mysticism in the saga, as Seymour evolved, in successive retellings, from a troubled, suicidal young man into a genius, a sage, even a saint of sorts.

But writing in The New York Review of Books in 2001, Janet Malcolm argued that the critics had all along been wrong about Mr. Salinger, just as short-sighted contemporaries were wrong about Manet and about Tolstoy. The very things people complain about, Ms. Malcolm wrote, were the qualities that made Mr. Salinger great. That the Glasses (and, by implication, their creator) were not at home in the world was the whole point, she said, which said as much about the world as about the kind of people who failed to get along there.

Margalit Fox contributed reporting.

Copyright 2010 The New York Times Company

 
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